Lathe-chuck.



Patented Mar. l9, l90l.

No. 670,2l3.

A. SWASEY.

LATHE GHUCK.

(Application filed Jan. 7, 1901.

(No Model.)

UNiTlED ra'rns FATENT AMBROSE SIVASEY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE IVARNER AND SYVASEY COMPANY, OF SAME-PLACE.

LATHE-CHUCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 670,213, dated March 19, 1901.

Application filed January 7, 1901. Serial No. 2,277. (N0 model.)

To (LI/Z whom it may concern- Be it known that I, AMBROSE SWASEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Onyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Lathe-Chucks, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The invention is an improvement in the kind of chucks which are employed in screwmachines, turret-lathes, and analogous machines to grasp and hold the work-rodsthat is to say, the rods on which the machine is to operate. The object of the invention is to render such chucks easily and quickly adaptable for holding work-rods of different sizes and shapes.

Heretofore some lathechucks have included a conical tubular core which is split longitudinally, so as to be compressible, a shell in which said core is movable, and bushing-sections removably secured in the core to vary its internal size and shape to adapt it to grasp different rods. In all such prior chucks, however, the means for holding bushing-sections in the core could not be operated from the front of the core and 'shell, and consequently the bushing-sections could not be changed without considerable difficulty.

The generic difference between the chuck embodying my invention and the prior chucks is that the bushing-sections are fastened to the jaws of the core by catches whose operating mechanisms project out from the exposed forward end of said core, whereby said catches may be operated without separating the core and shell.

The invention consists, broadly, in the combination of the core having a plurality of compressible jaws and a surrounding shell with bushing-sections, catches adapted to removably secure said bushing-sections to the inner sides of said jaws, and means projecting from the exposed forward end of said chuck for operating said catches. It also consists in the more specificconst-ruction and combination of parts, as shown in the drawings and hereinafter described, and defined by the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of a chuck embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the chuck-core on line 2 2 of Fig. 1, and Fig. 3is a view showing the outer surface of one of the bushing-sections.

Referring to the parts by letters, A represents the tubular spindle of a lathe, which spindle is to be rotatably mounted in suitable bearings.

O represents the shell of the chuck, which is secured to the front end of said spindle, preferably by being screwed onto said front end, substantially as shown. This shell is of the usual form that is to say, it internally has the form of the frustum of a cone.

The tubular core 13 of the chuck, as shown, is of the usual form and construction. Its front end has externally the form of the frustum of a cone, and it is longitudinally slitted from the front end, whereby to form the jaws b, which are forced inward against the work-rod as said core is moved forward in the shell. In the particulars already mentioned the chuck is not new, bntis, on the contrary, of well-known form. It has not therefore been thought necessary to show or describe any mechanism for moving said core forward to cause the contraction of its jaws.

D D represent bushing-sections which are removably secured to the inner faces of the jaws b of the core B. The thickness of these bushing-sections will be determined by the size of the work-rod with which they are to be used, and theform of their inner surfaces will be such as to adapt them to grasp such work-rod, whether it be cylindrical, square, or any other shape. If the chuck is not at any ti me capable of grasping and holding any particular work-rod upon which one wishes the machine to operate, the bushing-sections are removed and others of proper thickness and internal configuration are substituted.

There must be a driving connection between the jaws and bushing-sections D, whereby they are compelled to rotate in unison, and relative endwise movement of said core and bushing-sections must likewise be prevented. The specific construction for effooting the results mentioned is as follows: On the inner face of each jaw, at the forward end thereof, is a flange b, which enters a rabbet cl in the front edge of the corresponding bushing-section. Two lugs b b on the inner face of each jaw engage with the rear edge of the bushing-section. The described construction prevents relative endwise movement of the bushing sections and jaws. These lugs 11 11 also engage with the sides of a tail (1 on said bushing-section. Preferably the proximate faces of these lugs are undercut and the side edges of said tail are beveled to fit. The engagement of the tails d between the lugs b b furnishes the necessary driving connection between the jaws and bushing-sections. The described operative connection between the said bushing-sections and jaws will be maintained just so long as the bushing-sections are held in the described position relative to said jaws and are prevented from falling inward toward the axis of the spindle. This last-named result is secured, as shown in the drawings, by means of spring catches E, carried by the jaws, which catches engage with lips (31- on the outer faces of said bushingsections. These springcatches are hooks projecting inward from blocks 6, each of which is movable longitudinally in a hole 12 through one of the jaws. A rod 0, which is movable endwise in a longitudinal recess b in said jaw, passes through the block and is fastened to it by a set-screw 6 The end of this rod extends out of the exposed forward end of the core, and therefore these devices, which hold the bushings in operative relationship to the jaws, may be operated from the front end of the chuck without separating its core and shell. A spring 6 in the end of the hole Z9 acts to move said rod and catch forward, whereby the latter engages with the lip on the bushing-section. A longitudinal groove 61 is formed in the rear side of each bushing-section, and the groove slides over the inner end of the catch when a bushing-section is being removed or replaced.

Having described my invention, I claim 1. In a chuck for lathes, &c., the combination with a core having a plurality of compressible jaws, and bushing-sections adapted to be held against the inner faces of said jaws, of catches for so holding them, and mechanism projecting from the forward end of said core for operating said catches, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a chuck for lathes, &c.,the combination with the longitudinally-split core thereof having the flange b and lugs b b on the inner surface of each jaw, of the bushing-sections each having a tail on its rear end, and means for holding said bushing sections against said jaws and in engagement with said flange and lugs, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. In a chuck for lathes, 850., the combination with the tubular spindle, the chuck-shell secured to its front end,and the tubular chuckcore which is longitudinally split to form a plurality of compressible jaws, of bushingsections, catches for removably holding said bushing-sections severally on the innersides of said jaws, and means, which project from the exposed front end of the core, for operating said catches, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a chuck for lathes, &c., the combination with the chuck-core which is longitudinally split to form a plurality of compressible jaws, said jaws having shoulders on theirinner faces, of bushing-sections adaptedto lie against the inner faces of said jaws between said shoulders, and spring-catches carried by said jaws and adapted to engage with said bushing-sections to hold them against said jaws, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a chuck for lathes, &c., the combination with the chuck-core which is longitudinally split to form a plurality of compressible jaws, which jaws have the in Wardly-projecting flange b and the lugs b 1) whose proximate faces are undercut, and spring-catches carried severally by said jaws and projectingin- Ward therefrom, of bushingsections, each having a tail on its inner end and the lip and the longitudinal groove on the outer face, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. In a chuck for lathes, &c., the combination with the chuck-core which is longitudinally split to form a plurality of compressible jaws, each of said jaws having a lateral hole through it and a longitudinal recess crossing said hole, a block in said hole and having a hook on its inner face projecting through said jaws, a rod in said recess passing through and attached to said block, and a spring in.the bottom of said recess, of bushing'sections lying against the inner faces of said jaws,each having a lip on its outer face for engagement with one of said hooks, substantially and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

AMBROSE SWVASEY.

Witnesses:

D. F. SHERTONDY, W. D. Posr. 

